Table 14.1 - Densities of Some Common Substances SolidsĪs you can see by examining Table 14. The water is d Calculate the density of an incompressible Newtonian fluid. Plasma will not be discussed in depth in this chapter because plasma has very different properties from the three other common phases of matter, discussed in this chapter, due to the strong electrical forces between the charges. Consider a water flow (rho 999 kg/m3, mu 1.14x10-3 kg/(ms)) from the reservoir through the smooth pipe of diameter D 5 cm and length L 20 m (sharp-edged entrance to the pipe). At high temperatures, molecules may disassociate into atoms, and atoms disassociate into electrons (with negative charges) and protons (with positive charges), forming a plasma. There exists one other phase of matter, plasma, which exists at very high temperatures. In this chapter, we generally refer to both gases and liquids simply as fluids, making a distinction between them only when they behave differently. When placed in an open container, gases, unlike liquids, will escape. This makes gases relatively easy to compress and allows them to flow (which makes them fluids). In contrast, atoms in gases are separated by large distances, and the forces between atoms in a gas are therefore very weak, except when the atoms collide with one another. Because the atoms are closely packed, liquids, like solids, resist compression an extremely large force is necessary to change the volume of a liquid. At a temperature of 4☌ and salinity of 35 parts per thousand (typical of ocean water), the density of water is approximately 1027 kg/m3, which is higher than the density of pure water at the same. density of water is equal to 1 000 kg/m³ at 25☌ (77☏ or 298. The density of water at sea level is very close to 1000 kg/m3, but it can vary slightly depending on the temperature and salinity of the water. When a liquid is placed in a container with no lid, it remains in the container. Water weighs 1 gram per cubic centimeter or 1 000 kilogram per cubic meter, i.e. That is, liquids flow (so they are a type of fluid), with the molecules held together by mutual attraction. This occurs because the atoms or molecules in a liquid are free to slide about and change neighbors. Liquids deform easily when stressed and do not spring back to their original shape once a force is removed. A gas must be held in a closed container to prevent it from expanding freely and escaping. (c) Atoms in a gas move about freely and are separated by large distances. Forces between the atoms strongly resist attempts to compress the atoms. (b) Atoms in a liquid are also in close contact but can slide over one another. You can make ads in the Engineering ToolBox more useful to you Densities, molecular weight and chemical formulas of some common gases can be found in the table below: 1) NTP - Normal Temperature and Pressure - is defined as 20oC (293.15 K, 68oF) and 1 atm ( 101.325 kN/m2, 101.325 kPa, 14.7 psia, 0 psig, 30 in Hg, 760 torr) 2) STP - Standard. \): (a) Atoms in a solid are always in close contact with neighboring atoms, held in place by forces represented here by springs.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |